- It seals the combustion/expansion chamber.
- It supports transfer of the heat from the piston to cylinder wall.
It regulates consumption of engine oil.
Generally in most of the automobile pistons there are three rings. The top two besides controlling oil are primarily compression sealing. While the lower ring is used for controlling oil supply to the liner which in turns lubricate the piston skirt and the compression rings. One can find taper faced top rings also. Simple plain faced rings were used in the old engines.
Oil control rings are of mainly 3 types- Single piece cast iron, helicoil spring backed cast iron or steel, multipiece steel.
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